Create Admin (Backend) Module in Magento with Grids

If you are creating an admin module for Magento (learn creating admin module in Magento) then you would surely be asked to create grids (eg. for order listing). Creating grids can be somewhat difficult for the novice Magento programmers, but in this tutorial we will create a grid in the admin module in the simplest possible way. It is assumed that you are familiar with creating admin module in Magento.

Download Magento Backend Module

Namespace : Company
Module name : Web

Note: Please create necessary xmls for our module (this step has been skipped for simplicity).

Step 1:

Create Web/Block/Adminhtml/Web.php

<?php
class Company_Web_Block_Adminhtml_Web extends Mage_Adminhtml_Block_Widget_Grid_Container
{
  public function __construct()
  {
    $this->_controller = 'adminhtml_web';
    $this->_blockGroup = 'web';
    $this->_headerText = Mage::helper('web')->__('Item Manager');
    $this->_addButtonLabel = Mage::helper('web')->__('Add Item');
    parent::__construct();
  }
}

Step 2:

Create Web/Block/Adminhtml/Web/Grid.php

<?php

class Company_Web_Block_Adminhtml_Web_Grid extends Mage_Adminhtml_Block_Widget_Grid
{
  public function __construct()
  {
      parent::__construct();
      $this->setId('webGrid');
      $this->setDefaultSort('web_id');
      $this->setDefaultDir('ASC');
      $this->setSaveParametersInSession(true);
  }

  protected function _prepareCollection()
  {
      $collection = Mage::getModel('web/web')->getCollection();
      $this->setCollection($collection);
      return parent::_prepareCollection();
  }

  protected function _prepareColumns()
  {
      $this->addColumn('web_id', array(
          'header'    => Mage::helper('web')->__('ID'),
          'align'     =>'right',
          'width'     => '50px',
          'index'     => 'web_id',
      ));

      $this->addColumn('title', array(
          'header'    => Mage::helper('web')->__('Title'),
          'align'     =>'left',
          'index'     => 'title',
      ));

   /*
      $this->addColumn('content', array(
   'header'    => Mage::helper('web')->__('Item Content'),
   'width'     => '150px',
   'index'     => 'content',
      ));
   */

      $this->addColumn('status', array(
          'header'    => Mage::helper('web')->__('Status'),
          'align'     => 'left',
          'width'     => '80px',
          'index'     => 'status',
          'type'      => 'options',
          'options'   => array(
              1 => 'Enabled',
              2 => 'Disabled',
          ),
      ));
   
        $this->addColumn('action',
            array(
                'header'    =>  Mage::helper('web')->__('Action'),
                'width'     => '100',
                'type'      => 'action',
                'getter'    => 'getId',
                'actions'   => array(
                    array(
                        'caption'   => Mage::helper('web')->__('Edit'),
                        'url'       => array('base'=> '*/*/edit'),
                        'field'     => 'id'
                    )
                ),
                'filter'    => false,
                'sortable'  => false,
                'index'     => 'stores',
                'is_system' => true,
        ));
  
  $this->addExportType('*/*/exportCsv', Mage::helper('web')->__('CSV'));
  $this->addExportType('*/*/exportXml', Mage::helper('web')->__('XML'));
   
      return parent::_prepareColumns();
  }

    protected function _prepareMassaction()
    {
        $this->setMassactionIdField('web_id');
        $this->getMassactionBlock()->setFormFieldName('web');

        $this->getMassactionBlock()->addItem('delete', array(
             'label'    => Mage::helper('web')->__('Delete'),
             'url'      => $this->getUrl('*/*/massDelete'),
             'confirm'  => Mage::helper('web')->__('Are you sure?')
        ));

        $statuses = Mage::getSingleton('web/status')->getOptionArray();

        array_unshift($statuses, array('label'=>'', 'value'=>''));
        $this->getMassactionBlock()->addItem('status', array(
             'label'=> Mage::helper('web')->__('Change status'),
             'url'  => $this->getUrl('*/*/massStatus', array('_current'=>true)),
             'additional' => array(
                    'visibility' => array(
                         'name' => 'status',
                         'type' => 'select',
                         'class' => 'required-entry',
                         'label' => Mage::helper('web')->__('Status'),
                         'values' => $statuses
                     )
             )
        ));
        return $this;
    }

  public function getRowUrl($row)
  {
      return $this->getUrl('*/*/edit', array('id' => $row->getId()));
  }

}

Step 3:

Create Web/controllers/Adminhtml/WebController.php

<?php

class Company_Web_Adminhtml_WebController extends Mage_Adminhtml_Controller_action
{

 protected function _initAction() {
  $this->loadLayout()
   ->_setActiveMenu('web/items')
   ->_addBreadcrumb(Mage::helper('adminhtml')->__('Items Manager'), Mage::helper('adminhtml')->__('Item Manager'));
  
  return $this;
 }   
 
 public function indexAction() {
  $this->_initAction()
   ->renderLayout();
 }

 public function editAction() {
  $id     = $this->getRequest()->getParam('id');
  $model  = Mage::getModel('web/web')->load($id);

  if ($model->getId() || $id == 0) {
   $data = Mage::getSingleton('adminhtml/session')->getFormData(true);
   if (!empty($data)) {
    $model->setData($data);
   }

   Mage::register('web_data', $model);

   $this->loadLayout();
   $this->_setActiveMenu('web/items');

   $this->_addBreadcrumb(Mage::helper('adminhtml')->__('Item Manager'), Mage::helper('adminhtml')->__('Item Manager'));
   $this->_addBreadcrumb(Mage::helper('adminhtml')->__('Item News'), Mage::helper('adminhtml')->__('Item News'));

   $this->getLayout()->getBlock('head')->setCanLoadExtJs(true);

   $this->_addContent($this->getLayout()->createBlock('web/adminhtml_web_edit'))
    ->_addLeft($this->getLayout()->createBlock('web/adminhtml_web_edit_tabs'));

   $this->renderLayout();
  } else {
   Mage::getSingleton('adminhtml/session')->addError(Mage::helper('web')->__('Item does not exist'));
   $this->_redirect('*/*/');
  }
 }
 
 public function newAction() {
  $this->_forward('edit');
 }
 
 public function saveAction() {
  if ($data = $this->getRequest()->getPost()) {
   
   if(isset($_FILES['filename']['name']) && $_FILES['filename']['name'] != '') {
    try { 
     /* Starting upload */ 
     $uploader = new Varien_File_Uploader('filename');
     
     // Any extention would work
              $uploader->setAllowedExtensions(array('jpg','jpeg','gif','png'));
     $uploader->setAllowRenameFiles(false);
     
     // Set the file upload mode 
     // false -> get the file directly in the specified folder
     // true -> get the file in the product like folders 
     // (file.jpg will go in something like /media/f/i/file.jpg)
     $uploader->setFilesDispersion(false);
       
     // We set media as the upload dir
     $path = Mage::getBaseDir('media') . DS ;
     $uploader->save($path, $_FILES['filename']['name'] );
     
    } catch (Exception $e) {
        
          }
         
          //this way the name is saved in DB
      $data['filename'] = $_FILES['filename']['name'];
   }
      
      
   $model = Mage::getModel('web/web');  
   $model->setData($data)
    ->setId($this->getRequest()->getParam('id'));
   
   try {
    if ($model->getCreatedTime == NULL || $model->getUpdateTime() == NULL) {
     $model->setCreatedTime(now())
      ->setUpdateTime(now());
    } else {
     $model->setUpdateTime(now());
    } 
    
    $model->save();
    Mage::getSingleton('adminhtml/session')->addSuccess(Mage::helper('web')->__('Item was successfully saved'));
    Mage::getSingleton('adminhtml/session')->setFormData(false);

    if ($this->getRequest()->getParam('back')) {
     $this->_redirect('*/*/edit', array('id' => $model->getId()));
     return;
    }
    $this->_redirect('*/*/');
    return;
            } catch (Exception $e) {
                Mage::getSingleton('adminhtml/session')->addError($e->getMessage());
                Mage::getSingleton('adminhtml/session')->setFormData($data);
                $this->_redirect('*/*/edit', array('id' => $this->getRequest()->getParam('id')));
                return;
            }
        }
        Mage::getSingleton('adminhtml/session')->addError(Mage::helper('web')->__('Unable to find item to save'));
        $this->_redirect('*/*/');
 }
 
 public function deleteAction() {
  if( $this->getRequest()->getParam('id') > 0 ) {
   try {
    $model = Mage::getModel('web/web');
     
    $model->setId($this->getRequest()->getParam('id'))
     ->delete();
      
    Mage::getSingleton('adminhtml/session')->addSuccess(Mage::helper('adminhtml')->__('Item was successfully deleted'));
    $this->_redirect('*/*/');
   } catch (Exception $e) {
    Mage::getSingleton('adminhtml/session')->addError($e->getMessage());
    $this->_redirect('*/*/edit', array('id' => $this->getRequest()->getParam('id')));
   }
  }
  $this->_redirect('*/*/');
 }

    public function massDeleteAction() {
        $webIds = $this->getRequest()->getParam('web');
        if(!is_array($webIds)) {
   Mage::getSingleton('adminhtml/session')->addError(Mage::helper('adminhtml')->__('Please select item(s)'));
        } else {
            try {
                foreach ($webIds as $webId) {
                    $web = Mage::getModel('web/web')->load($webId);
                    $web->delete();
                }
                Mage::getSingleton('adminhtml/session')->addSuccess(
                    Mage::helper('adminhtml')->__(
                        'Total of %d record(s) were successfully deleted', count($webIds)
                    )
                );
            } catch (Exception $e) {
                Mage::getSingleton('adminhtml/session')->addError($e->getMessage());
            }
        }
        $this->_redirect('*/*/index');
    }
 
    public function massStatusAction()
    {
        $webIds = $this->getRequest()->getParam('web');
        if(!is_array($webIds)) {
            Mage::getSingleton('adminhtml/session')->addError($this->__('Please select item(s)'));
        } else {
            try {
                foreach ($webIds as $webId) {
                    $web = Mage::getSingleton('web/web')
                        ->load($webId)
                        ->setStatus($this->getRequest()->getParam('status'))
                        ->setIsMassupdate(true)
                        ->save();
                }
                $this->_getSession()->addSuccess(
                    $this->__('Total of %d record(s) were successfully updated', count($webIds))
                );
            } catch (Exception $e) {
                $this->_getSession()->addError($e->getMessage());
            }
        }
        $this->_redirect('*/*/index');
    }
  
}

Step 4:

Create Web/Model/Web.php

<?php
class Company_Web_Model_Web extends Mage_Core_Model_Abstract
{
    public function _construct()
    {
        parent::_construct();
        $this->_init('web/web');
    }
}

Step 5:

Create Web/Model/Mysql4/Web.php

<?php

class Company_Web_Model_Mysql4_Web extends Mage_Core_Model_Mysql4_Abstract
{
    public function _construct()
    {    
        $this->_init('web/web', 'web_id');
    }
}

Step 6:

Create Web/Model/Mysql4/Web/Collection.php

<?php

class Company_Web_Model_Mysql4_Web_Collection extends Mage_Core_Model_Mysql4_Collection_Abstract
{
    public function _construct()
    {
        parent::_construct();
        $this->_init('web/web');
    }
}

But your grid will not appear in the backend until you create the following xml file.

Step 7:

Create app/design/adminhtml/default/default/layout/web.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<layout version="0.1.0">
    <web_adminhtml_web_index>
        <reference name="content">
            <block type="web/adminhtml_web" name="web" />
        </reference>
    </web_adminhtml_web_index>
</layout>